{"id":19,"date":"2024-06-10T08:34:22","date_gmt":"2024-06-10T08:34:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xtratheme.comlawyers\/?page_id=13"},"modified":"2026-04-20T08:21:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T08:21:53","slug":"faq","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/drhma.com\/en\/faq\/","title":{"rendered":"FAQ&#8217;s"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"19\" class=\"elementor elementor-19\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-40f1653 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"40f1653\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7c01f3\" data-id=\"e7c01f3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-440dafe elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_image\" data-id=\"440dafe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div class=\"cz_image clr cz_image_no_fx\" data-position=\"\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_image_in\" data-tilt>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_main_image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"801\" src=\"https:\/\/drhma.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/img1.jpg?wsr\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-838\" alt=\"Img1\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drhma.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/img1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/drhma.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/img1-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_hover_image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"801\" src=\"https:\/\/drhma.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/img1.jpg?wsr\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-838\" alt=\"Img1\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drhma.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/img1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/drhma.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/img1-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79c1c15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_gap\" data-id=\"79c1c15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_gap.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_gap clr\"><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab6839f elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"ab6839f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_title_has_icon cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><i class=\"cz_title_icon_before fa fa-question-circle-o\"><\/i><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><h3>Ask Us<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87d7aa3 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_contact_form_7\" data-id=\"87d7aa3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_contact_form_7.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_cf7 clr\">\r\n\t\t\t<div>\n<div class=\"wpcf7 no-js\" id=\"wpcf7-f783-o1\" lang=\"en-US\" dir=\"ltr\" data-wpcf7-id=\"783\">\n<div class=\"screen-reader-response\"><p role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\"><\/p> <ul><\/ul><\/div>\n<form action=\"\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19#wpcf7-f783-o1\" method=\"post\" class=\"wpcf7-form init\" aria-label=\"Contact form\" novalidate=\"novalidate\" data-status=\"init\">\n<fieldset class=\"hidden-fields-container\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7\" value=\"783\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_version\" value=\"6.1.4\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_locale\" value=\"en_US\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_unit_tag\" value=\"wpcf7-f783-o1\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_container_post\" value=\"0\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_posted_data_hash\" value=\"\" \/>\n<\/fieldset>\n<p style=\"width:100%; margin-bottom:15px;\"><br \/>\n<span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"your-name\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-required\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Your Name*\" value=\"\" type=\"text\" name=\"your-name\" \/><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"width:100%; margin-bottom:15px;\"><br \/>\n<span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"your-email\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-email wpcf7-validates-as-required wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-email\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Your Email*\" value=\"\" type=\"email\" name=\"your-email\" \/><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"width:100%; margin-bottom:15px;\"><br \/>\n<span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"tel-536\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"15\" minlength=\"8\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-tel wpcf7-validates-as-required wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-tel\" id=\"phone-field\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Contact Number*\" value=\"\" type=\"tel\" name=\"tel-536\" \/><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"width:100%; margin-bottom:15px;\"><br \/>\n<span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"your-message\"><textarea cols=\"40\" rows=\"10\" maxlength=\"2000\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-textarea\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Your Message\" name=\"your-message\"><\/textarea><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:10px;\"><br \/>\n<input type=\"submit\" value=\"Submit\" \/>\n<\/p><div class=\"wpcf7-response-output\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-493ba55\" data-id=\"493ba55\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f004969 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"f004969\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_mobile_text_center cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><div class=\"clearfix title-center\"><h2 class=\"col-title\">Do you have a Legal Question?<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ca233e elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"6ca233e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_mobile_text_center cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><p>Please read questions bellow and if you can not find your answer, please send us your question, we will answer you as soon as possible.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-784afc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_gap\" data-id=\"784afc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_gap.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_gap clr\"><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f317c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"5f317c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_title_has_icon cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><i class=\"cz_title_icon_before fa fa-question-circle-o\"><\/i><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><h3>Civil Law<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-271848e elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_gap\" data-id=\"271848e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_gap.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_gap clr\"><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46b4356 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_accordion\" data-id=\"46b4356\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-arrows='{\"open\":\"fas fa-plus\",\"close\":\"fas fa-minus\"}' class=\"cz_acc clr cz_acc_toggle cz_acc_first_open\"><div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-48c6e87\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>What governs civil matters in the United Arab Emirates?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Civil matters in the United Arab Emirates are governed primarily by Federal Decree by Law No. (25) of 2025 concerning Civil Transactions Law, as amended. This law regulates contractual obligations, civil liability, property rights, compensation claims, and general civil disputes. It establishes the legal framework for rights and obligations between individuals and entities in non-commercial matters.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-b0fa935\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>What is the difference between civil law and commercial law in the UAE?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Civil law governs legal relationships that are not classified as commercial activities. Commercial law applies to transactions considered commercial in nature under Federal Decree-Law No. 50 of 2022 on Commercial Transactions and related legislation. The classification depends on the nature of the activity, the legal status of the parties, and whether the act is defined as a commercial act under UAE law.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-c75ccd5\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Are contracts legally binding in the UAE?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contracts are legally binding in the UAE when they satisfy the essential elements required by law. These elements include mutual consent through offer and acceptance, a lawful and defined subject matter, and legal capacity of the contracting parties. Certain contracts require specific formalities. For example, real estate transfers must be registered with the competent land department to be valid and enforceable.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-1234931\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Can damages be claimed for breach of contract?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A party that suffers harm due to breach of contract is entitled to compensation for actual and direct damage. The claimant must prove the existence of the breach, the occurrence of damage, and a causal link between the breach and the damage. Compensation is generally limited to damage that was foreseeable at the time the contract was concluded.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f168c09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"f168c09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_title_has_icon cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><i class=\"cz_title_icon_before fa fa-question-circle-o\"><\/i><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><h3>Corporate Law<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00f42f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_accordion\" data-id=\"00f42f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-arrows='{\"open\":\"fas fa-plus\",\"close\":\"fas fa-minus\"}' class=\"cz_acc clr\"><div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-48c6e87\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>What law governs companies in the UAE?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Companies in the UAE are governed by Federal Decree-Law No. 32 of 2021 on Commercial Companies, as amended. This legislation regulates company formation, corporate governance, shareholder rights, director duties, mergers, acquisitions, restructuring, and liquidation.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-b0fa935\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Can foreign investors own one hundred percent of a UAE company?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foreign investors may own one hundred percent of companies in most business activities under the current UAE law. Certain activities designated as strategically important may be subject to specific restrictions or additional approvals as determined by the competent authorities of each emirate.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-c75ccd5\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>What are directors\u2019 legal duties under UAE law?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Directors are required to act in the best interests of the company and exercise due care, diligence, and loyalty. They must avoid conflicts of interest and comply with the Commercial Companies Law and the company\u2019s constitutional documents. Directors may incur civil liability for damages resulting from violations of their duties and may also face criminal liability where statutory provisions are breached.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a08240 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"5a08240\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_title_has_icon cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><i class=\"cz_title_icon_before fa fa-question-circle-o\"><\/i><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><h3>Labor Law<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc26907 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_accordion\" data-id=\"dc26907\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-arrows='{\"open\":\"fas fa-plus\",\"close\":\"fas fa-minus\"}' class=\"cz_acc clr\"><div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-48c6e87\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>What law governs employment in the UAE?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Employment relationships in the private sector are governed by Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021 on the Regulation of Labour Relations, as amended, together with its Executive Regulations. This law regulates employment contracts, working hours, leave entitlements, termination, and end-of-service benefits.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-b0fa935\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Are employment contracts required to be fixed-term?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All private sector employment contracts must be for a specified term in accordance with current UAE labor legislation. The law permits renewal of fixed-term contracts upon agreement between the parties.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-c75ccd5\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>How may an employment contract be terminated?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An employment contract may be terminated by mutual agreement, upon expiry of its term, or for a legitimate reason with proper notice as required by law. Termination without notice is permitted only in circumstances expressly provided for in the Labour Law. Arbitrary dismissal entitles the employee to compensation as determined by the competent court.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-e03156a\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>How is end-of-service gratuity calculated?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">End-of-service gratuity is calculated based on the employee\u2019s basic salary and length of continuous service. The calculation method is prescribed by Article 51 of Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021. Gratuity is payable to employees who complete at least one year of continuous service.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e382262 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"e382262\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_title_has_icon cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><i class=\"cz_title_icon_before fa fa-question-circle-o\"><\/i><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><h3>Real Estate Law<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcdeba4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_accordion\" data-id=\"fcdeba4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-arrows='{\"open\":\"fas fa-plus\",\"close\":\"fas fa-minus\"}' class=\"cz_acc clr\"><div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-48c6e87\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Can expatriates own property in the UAE?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foreign nationals may own property in designated freehold areas, subject to the property laws of the relevant emirate. For example, Dubai Law No. 7 of 2006 permits foreign ownership in specified areas approved by the Government of Dubai.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-b0fa935\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Is property registration mandatory?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Registration of real estate transactions with the competent land department is mandatory. Failure to register renders the transfer ineffective against third parties and may affect enforceability.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-c75ccd5\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Can a landlord evict a tenant?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eviction is regulated by emirate-specific tenancy laws. In Dubai, Law No. 26 of 2007, as amended, sets out the permissible grounds and procedures for eviction. A landlord must comply strictly with statutory notice requirements and legal procedures.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21aa7b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"21aa7b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_title_has_icon cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><i class=\"cz_title_icon_before fa fa-question-circle-o\"><\/i><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><h3>Criminal Law<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b588f0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_accordion\" data-id=\"b588f0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-arrows='{\"open\":\"fas fa-plus\",\"close\":\"fas fa-minus\"}' class=\"cz_acc clr\"><div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-48c6e87\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>What law governs criminal offences in the UAE?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Criminal offences are governed by Federal Decree-Law No. 31 of 2021, issuing the Crimes and Penalties Law, as amended. Criminal procedures are governed by the UAE Criminal Procedure Law.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-b0fa935\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>What are common financial crimes under UAE law?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Common financial crimes include fraud, breach of trust, forgery, and money laundering. The issuance of a cheque without sufficient funds has been largely decriminalized in ordinary cases, although criminal liability may still arise in specific circumstances prescribed by law.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-c75ccd5\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>How do criminal proceedings commence?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Criminal proceedings generally begin with a police complaint, followed by an investigation by the Public Prosecution. If sufficient evidence exists, the case is referred to the competent criminal court. Judgments may be appealed in accordance with procedural law.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3feb00a elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_title\" data-id=\"3feb00a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cz_title clr cz_title_has_icon cz_title_pos_inline\"><div class=\"cz_title_content\"><i class=\"cz_title_icon_before fa fa-question-circle-o\"><\/i><div class=\"cz_wpe_content\"><h3>Data Protection Law<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0b5390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-cz_accordion\" data-id=\"e0b5390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"cz_accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-arrows='{\"open\":\"fas fa-plus\",\"close\":\"fas fa-minus\"}' class=\"cz_acc clr\"><div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-48c6e87\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>What law governs data protection in the UAE?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Personal data protection in the UAE is governed by Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021, which regulates the Protection of Personal Data. Certain financial free zones, including the Dubai International Financial Centre and the Abu Dhabi Global Market, have their own independent data protection regimes.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-b0fa935\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Does the law apply to all businesses?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Personal Data Protection Law applies to controllers and processors that process personal data within the UAE, subject to specific statutory exemptions. Organizations must comply with the legal obligations when processing personal data.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-c75ccd5\"><span class=\"cz_acc_child\"><div>Is consent required before processing personal data?<\/div><\/span><div class=\"cz_acc_child_content clr\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consent is required unless another lawful basis for processing applies under the law. Consent must be clear, specific, informed, and capable of being demonstrated by the controller.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab86533 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ab86533\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-767b6f2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"767b6f2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15288a8 elementor-grid-1 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-fixed elementor-shape-rounded e-grid-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons\" data-id=\"15288a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"social-icons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-envelope elementor-repeater-item-f8cf78f\" href=\"mailto:info@drhma.com\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Envelope<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-czico-092-phone-call-1 elementor-repeater-item-f70767a\" href=\"tel:+971506730026\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Czico-092-phone-call-1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"czi czico-092-phone-call-1\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-czico-013-whatsapp-logo elementor-repeater-item-3566736\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/+971506730026\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Czico-013-whatsapp-logo<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"czi czico-013-whatsapp-logo\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ask Us Do you have a Legal Question? 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